Dr Satyajit Mohanty blogs

According to Rossi et al, for knee; clinicians should have own series of exams with whom he is more confident and on whom he relies on for diagnosis. Usually, three sets of series are used: 1. One for patello-femoral/extensor mechanism pathologies 2. Another for meniscal and chondral (articular) lesions 3. The other one for instability evaluation Among the above said to assess the 3rd category is difficult to diagnose. Often the diagnosis becomes more difficult because there are more than one tissue involved. Following are clues to diagnose them: 1. Anerior medial instability (AMI): AMI occurs due to: ACL + MCL + medial meniscus injury. Test series to diagnose it are: valgus stress, anterior drawer, Lachman tests 2. Anterior lateral instability (ALI): ALI occurs due to: ACL + lateral capsule + lateral meniscus injury. Test series to diagnose it are: valgus stress, anterior drawer, Lachman, pivot shift tests 3. Posterior lateral instability (PLI): PLI occurs due to: Injury to posteri...

The SLAP lesions: Superior labrum tears were first described by Andrews. Further SLAP lesions as described by Snyder are subdivided into 4 types (I-IV) & this classification is according to their severity of tear. For best diagrams of the SLAP lesions refer to the following site: http://www.shoulderdoc.co.uk/article.asp?article=1027 Type I SLAP lesion: This is a partial tear and degeneration to the superior labrum, where the edges are rough and fray along the free margin, but the labrum is not completely detached. Type II lesion: Type II is the comonest type of SLAP tear. The superior labrum is completely torn off the glenoid, due to an injury (often a shoulder dislocation). This type leaves a gap between the articular cartilage and the labral attachment to the bone. Type 2 SLAP tears can be further subdivided into (a) anterior (b) posterior, and (c) combined anterior-posterior lesions. Type III lesion: A Type III tear is a 'bucket-handle' tear of ...

In previous years, fitness was commonly defined as the capacity to carry out the day’s activities without undue fatigue. These days, physical fitness (PF) is considered a measure of the body’s ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, to be healthy, to resist hypokinetic diseases, and to meet emergency situations. Physical fitness comprises two related concepts: general fitness (for the purpose of health), and specific fitness (a task-oriented definition based on the ability to perform specific aspects of sports or occupations). Physical fitness is generally achieved through correct nutrition, exercise, and enough rest. PF can be measured as an out come of physical activity and also as a moderator on morbidity and mortality. Physical fitness for purposes of health, is best defined by the specific components that relate to improved health or reduced disease. The components of Health-Related Fitness are: –    Morphological ...

Narakas classified babies with obstetric palsy into four groups I. Upper Erb's palsy (C5, C6 injury) II. Extended Erb's (C5, C6, C7 injury) III. Total palsy (C5, C6, C7, C8 & T1 injury) IV. Total palsy with Horner’s syndrome (C5, C6, C7,C8 & T1 injury) Clinically however Narakas Group II can be sub-classified into two groups according to this 'early recovery of wrist extension.' II a. recovery of Gr 3 wrist extension before 2 months of age. II.b. recovery of Gr 3 wrist extension after 2 months of age. II a recovers the UL function much faster than the II b group. Muscles paralysed in Group I are: Biceps, Deltoid, Brachialis, Brachioradialis, partly supraspinatus, infraspinatus, Supinator. Extended erbs palsy involves the elbow & wrist Intrinsic muscles of hand & ulnar flexors are paalysed in total palsy Horner’s syndrome comprise of: Ptosis, Miosis, Anhydrosis, Enopthalmus, Loss of ciliospinal reflex. Sensory loss in Gr I &...